ADVERB

A part of speech is any single word in a sentence. 

The parts of speech can be divided into eight:

1. Noun,
2. Pronoun,
3. Adjective,
4. Verb,
5. Adverb,
6. Preposition,
7. Conjunction,
8. Interjection.

 What is an adverb?

  An adverb is a word which usually qualifies a verb, an adjective, another adverb, a clause or a sentence except a noun or a pronoun.

Examples of adverb when it qualifies –

A verb:

 She talks gently. (Here gently qualifies the verb talks.)

An adverb:

 He draws very beautifully. (Here very qualifies the adverb beautifully.)

An adjective:

 They are very skilful players. 

(Here very qualifies the adjective skilful.)

A clause:

 He tried hard, but unfortunately he could not survive in the field. 

(Here unfortunately qualifies the clause he could not survive in the field.)

A sentence:

  Undoubtedly, he is going to bag the gold medal. (Here it qualifies the whole sentence.)

Types of Adverb —

Adverbs of manner: 

Badly, ill, soundly, highly, briefly, wisely, slowly, rapidly, how, aloud, well, so, thus, immediately etc.

They are used either before or after the transitive verbs, but can be used only after the intransitive verbs.

E.g. -

They came out quickly.

He briefly explained the story.

He explained the story to us briefly.

Adverbs of time:

 Today, yesterday, tomorrow, now, then, ago, when, before, ever, never, while, once, twice, thrice, sometime, soon, already etc.

E.g. -

The great man has died last year.

I am going to see her tomorrow.

Adverbs of frequency: 

These are of two types –

Indefinite frequency – 

Frequently, usually, normally, always, once, seldom etc. are usually used before the main verb.

E.g. - 

    Those children frequently visit the zoo.   

    I seldom meet my friends.

Definite frequency – 

Hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, yearly. These are generally used at the end of a sentence.

E.g. -
    They receive scholarship yearly.
    She practices handwriting daily.

Adverbs of place:

Here, there, where, everywhere, after, near, away, above, below, upward, backward.
E.g.-
    The teacher told us to see above/bellow.
    They lived here.

Adverbs of quantity:

Enough, much, less, too, half, little etc.
E.g. -
    You have slept enough.
    I talk little about my personal life.

Adverbs of degree: 

Very, almost, fully, enough etc.

E.g. -
    She is a very good dancer.
    The project is almost complete.

Adverbs of Affirmation and Negation: 

Of Affirmation:

Also called Affirmative Adverbs.

E.g. -

Yes, certainly, undoubtedly, surely, verily, definitely, indeed, obviously, truely, clearly, positively, perhaps, really, possibly etc.

Use:

    The story was truly funny.

    I'll definitely reach there on time.

Of Negation:

No, not, never, hardly, barely, contradictorily etc.

Use:

    She could hardly see in the low light.

    I've never visited the Tajmahal. 

Adverbial phrases:

Two or more words combines an adverb – Heart and soul, bag and baggage, now and then, up and down, in a minute, every day, by and by, in time, in no time, in short, in vain, by no means, off and on etc.

E.g. -

• Heart and soul 

  I was with the team heart and soul.

• Bag and baggage

  Come with your bag and baggage.

• Now and then

  As we went along the road and beautiful flowers now and then appeared.

• Up and down

He walks up and down the room.

• In a minute

I am coming in a minute.

• By and by 

She will tell me by and by.

• In time 

I shall be there in time.

• In no time 

He starts running in no time.

• In short 

Tell us about the incident in short.

• In vain 

I convince him in vain.

• By no means 

Abhishek is, by no means, a cheater.

• Off and on

I meet my parents off and on.

Use of Certain words as adverbs :

Enough:

Enough is both an adjective and an adverb. As an adjective it is placed before a noun and as an adverb it is always placed after the adjective.

E.g. -
    I have enough courage to face them. (Adjective)
    He is tall enough to be selected. (Adverb)
    You are intelligent enough to handle the situation. (Adverb)

The:

‘The’ is used as relative adverb of quantity followed by an antecedent ‘the’ which is a demonstrative adverb of quantity.
E.g. -
    The more you work hard, the more you can succeed.
    The sooner the better.

There:

There is often used as an adverb.

E.g. -
    There are five children playing in the garden.
    There was a house there.

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